Taylorism And Management Essays - Organizational Behavior

Taylorism And Management Numerous individuals and organizations have dismissed the hypothesis of logical administration that Frederic Taylor created in the mid 1900s since it wasnt working successfully for the organizations. Anyway as Rober Kanigel clarify in his life story of Frederick Taylor One Best Way the issue wasnt with the hypothesis of logical administration , yet with the Frederic Taylor and his endeavors at dealing with his own speculations. Frederic Taylor was an architect, a fussbudget; he didnt have character abilities important to be a powerful chief or pioneer. Somebody how had these abilities could deal with an organization well with his hypothesis. What logical administration truly is a finished technique for inventive critical thinking and dynamic. A considerable lot of the thoughts in logical administration, such as defining time objective and smoothing out the outstanding burden are smart thoughts and are utilized by and by in the work power. The essential targets of logical administration are to augment benefit for the organization, to utilize the fullest likely every worker and for flourishing for representatives. To achieve this individuals must strive to their most extreme possible each moment of the time at work. Still a considerable lot of Taylors thoughts didn't work out on the grounds that there he was a lot of like a robot and rewarded others like robots. He was unbendable, and neglected to think about human feelings. For instance he coordinated every individual with a stopwatch and constrained the person in question to meet a resolute and extraordinary time objective ordinary regardless. The activity was not changed in accordance with meet the individual yet the individual had to conform to the activity. Frederick Taylor wasnt fit for overseeing individuals under the logical administration hypothesis the manner in which he planned it. His utilization of the framework disposed of the human part of the working environment, by rewarding individuals like machines. He portrayed individuals as in equipped for working in anything other than what they were as of now doing. Besides he multiplied their remaining task at hand and made them work at the most effective pace that he considered and upheld this by timing individuals with a stop watch. His fundamental hypothesis was: the executives chose what a reasonable day of work was and settled on all the choices. The representatives were just fit for accomplishing manual work and were recruited uniquely for their difficult work. Logical administration the Taylor way was blemished on the grounds that he dispensed with the human part. Nobody can oversee others productively in the event that they treat them like machines. Positive usage could have happened if Taylor wasnt executing and utilizing it. Taylor treated individuals like machines as he worked them as hard as could be expected under the circumstances, leaving them with no vitality toward the day's end for relaxation exercises. His stop watch methods ensuring they met the time objectives brought about the sentiment of a lot of weight. Taylors character was of being a fastidious and Machiavellian, fanatical about subtleties and oppressive. He was in this way one of the most noticeably awful kinds of individuals to have as an administrator is a careful individual as he was be requesting and never satisfied with the work. Taylor utilized what numerous individuals call a Theory X style of the executives, one that dangers representatives inadequately and like machines. He expected that individuals had of no activity their own to try sincerely and were just fit for what they were during at that point and that's it. To completely see how ineffectively Taylor executed his hypothesis, one just needs to take a gander at the organizations he worked at; Bethlehem Steel is a prime model under Taylors the board. Each assignment had a guidance card, which spread everything out clearly and wiped out the requirement for the representatives to think, and each errand was made sense of to the part of a second, which destroyed representatives quicker than different frameworks this isn't the existence that individuals need to work for. While the Taylor framework paid more, representatives didn't feel that the cash didnt made up for different issues that they persevered. A model at the Link Belt Foundry of Bethlehem Steel the Taylor framework brought about long-standing piece rates being absolutely reconfigured numerous old clocks, individuals with 20-30 years of residency at the organization, quit on account of the strain and the irate pace at which

5 Environmental Consequences of Oil Spills

5 Environmental Consequences of Oil Spills Oil slicks brought about by harmed big haulers, pipelines, or seaward oil fixes frequently bring about quick and long haul natural harm that can keep going for quite a long time. These are among the most prominent zones of natural harm brought about by spills: Sea shores, Marshlands, and Fragile Aquatic Ecosystems <img information srcset=https://www.thoughtco.com/thmb/zfWrFsux8K0t0IkaSCxqMTI5MSU=/300x0/filters:no_upscale():max_bytes(150000):strip_icc()/GettyImages-474133616-5c3f8f5e46e0fb00018b980e.jpg 300w, https://www.thoughtco.com/thmb/1ECLnIRTn20eP6UQpzbi39kibmY=/600x0/filters:no_upscale():max_bytes(150000):strip_icc()/GettyImages-474133616-5c3f8f5e46e0fb00018b980e.jpg 600w, https://www.thoughtco.com/thmb/fg5VAyK_o26siH_8nl_WkJnc_ug=/900x0/filters:no_upscale():max_bytes(150000):strip_icc()/GettyImages-474133616-5c3f8f5e46e0fb00018b980e.jpg 900w, https://www.thoughtco.com/thmb/8ChXZjie3WTOteLjv_eYrK9wkH4=/1500x0/filters:no_upscale():max_bytes(150000):strip_icc()/GettyImages-474133616-5c3f8f5e46e0fb00018b980e.jpg 1500w information src=https://www.thoughtco.com/thmb/P7VJpnlgcKP_qH9Q5yqU3HWoagE=/1500x1000/filters:no_upscale():max_bytes(150000):strip_icc()/GettyImages-474133616-5c3f8f5e46e0fb00018b980e.jpg src=//:0 alt=Ruptured Pipeline Spills Oil Along Santa Barbara Coast class=lazyload information click-tracked=true information img-lightbox=true information expand=300 id=mntl-sc-square image_1-0-3 information following container=true /> David McNew /Stringerâ /Getty Images Oil slicks coat all that they contact and become unwanted yet long haul portions of each biological system they enter. At the point when an oil spill from a huge spill arrives at a sea shore, oil covers and sticks to each shake and grain of sand. On the off chance that the oil washes into seaside bogs, mangrove woodlands, or different wetlands, sinewy plants and grasses assimilate oil, which can harm plants and make the zone unsatisfactory as untamed life living space. At the point when oil in the long run quits skimming on the waters surface and starts to sink into the marine condition, it can have comparable harming impacts on delicate submerged biological systems, executing or defiling fish and littler life forms that are basic connections in the worldwide natural pecking order. In spite of huge tidy up endeavors following the 1989 Exxon Valdez oil slick, for instance, a recent report directed by the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) found that 26,000 gallons of oil were as yet caught in the sand along the Alaska shoreline. Researchers directing the investigation confirmed that leftover oil was declining at under 4 percent every year. Flying creatures <img information srcset=https://www.thoughtco.com/thmb/szfzLUXinlB_Ihflyoft5MPuvRM=/300x0/filters:no_upscale():max_bytes(150000):strip_icc()/GettyImages-dv118021-5c3f8c54c9e77c00017d2ca2.jpg 300w, https://www.thoughtco.com/thmb/B-rhmsZZNbOlRaMkUOsxNDvZEfs=/600x0/filters:no_upscale():max_bytes(150000):strip_icc()/GettyImages-dv118021-5c3f8c54c9e77c00017d2ca2.jpg 600w, https://www.thoughtco.com/thmb/KDJ22Jox-a4ZLTs4vTihbrOsLpU=/900x0/filters:no_upscale():max_bytes(150000):strip_icc()/GettyImages-dv118021-5c3f8c54c9e77c00017d2ca2.jpg 900w, https://www.thoughtco.com/thmb/PN3_oykX55NvTvB6uik2b0ipPXo=/1500x0/filters:no_upscale():max_bytes(150000):strip_icc()/GettyImages-dv118021-5c3f8c54c9e77c00017d2ca2.jpg 1500w information src=https://www.thoughtco.com/thmb/lpcL6EwT0G_1UKl6wnYaiO8eCl0=/1500x999/filters:no_upscale():max_bytes(150000):strip_icc()/GettyImages-dv118021-5c3f8c54c9e77c00017d2ca2.jpg src=//:0 alt=Oiled Guillimot After Empress Oil Spill, West Wales class=lazyload information click-tracked=true information img-lightbox=true information expand=300 id=mntl-sc-square image_1-0-11 information following container=true /> Stockbyte​â /Getty Imagesâ Oil-secured flying creatures are a widespread image of ecological harm unleashed by oil slicks. A few types of shore feathered creatures may escape by moving on the off chance that they sense threat in time, however ocean winged animals that swim and plunge for their food are destined to be canvassed in oil following a spill. Oil slicks additionally harm settling grounds, conceivably causing genuine long haul consequences for whole species. The 2010 BP Deepwater Horizon seaward oil slick in the Gulf of Mexico, for instance, happened during prime mating and settling season for some flying creature and marine species, and long haul ecological results of that spill wont be known for a considerable length of time. Oil slicks can disturb transient examples by sullying regions where relocating feathered creatures ordinarily stop. Indeed, even a modest quantity of oil can be fatal to a fowl. By covering quills, oil makes flying unthinkable as well as obliterates feathered creatures characteristic waterproofing and protection, leaving them defenseless against hypothermia or overheating. As winged creatures wildly trim their plumes to reestablish their normal securities, they regularly swallow oil, which can seriously harm their inward organs and lead to death. The Exxon Valdez oil slick murdered from 250,000 to 500,000 seabirds, in addition to shore winged creatures and bald eagles. Marine Mammals <img information srcset=https://www.thoughtco.com/thmb/WhRaOdldOo-gMtNXxq0sttL8EQ8=/300x0/filters:no_upscale():max_bytes(150000):strip_icc()/GettyImages-474425264-5c3f8e45c9e77c0001a608c1.jpg 300w, https://www.thoughtco.com/thmb/w1glOdOG2pw5nyxVDCKRAN0Mg70=/600x0/filters:no_upscale():max_bytes(150000):strip_icc()/GettyImages-474425264-5c3f8e45c9e77c0001a608c1.jpg 600w, https://www.thoughtco.com/thmb/t-UJI29g9fqigr90-QJA1Q4Dcck=/900x0/filters:no_upscale():max_bytes(150000):strip_icc()/GettyImages-474425264-5c3f8e45c9e77c0001a608c1.jpg 900w, https://www.thoughtco.com/thmb/nNaE76Mi32oyT51EajRZtY2HQ0g=/1500x0/filters:no_upscale():max_bytes(150000):strip_icc()/GettyImages-474425264-5c3f8e45c9e77c0001a608c1.jpg 1500w information src=https://www.thoughtco.com/thmb/EuM4qUMDTThizwwoC1WomLlX8VI=/1500x1200/filters:no_upscale():max_bytes(150000):strip_icc()/GettyImages-474425264-5c3f8e45c9e77c0001a608c1.jpg src=//:0 alt=SeaWorld Cares for Oiled Sea Lion class=lazyload information click-tracked=true information img-lightbox=true information expand=300 id=mntl-sc-square image_1-0-17 information following container=true /> Handoutâ /Getty Images Oil slicks every now and again execute marine warm blooded animals, for example, whales, dolphins, seals, and ocean otters. Oil can stop up blowholes of whales and dolphins, making it unthinkable for them to inhale appropriately and disturbing their capacity to impart. Oil coats hide of otters and seals, leaving them powerless against hypothermia. In any event, when marine warm blooded animals get away from the prompt impacts, an oil slick can defile their food gracefully. Marine warm blooded creatures that eat fish or other food presented to an oil slick might be harmed by oil and pass on or experience different issues. The Exxon Valdez oil slick executed a huge number of ocean otters, several harbor seals, about two dozen executioner whales, and at least twelve stream otters. In the years after the Exxon Valdez spill, researchers noted higher demise rates among ocean otters and different species influenced by the spill and hindered development or other harm among extra species. Fish <img information srcset=https://www.thoughtco.com/thmb/d4csm9y5NdENqgYJzV95aI7KEu8=/300x0/filters:no_upscale():max_bytes(150000):strip_icc()/GettyImages-105781894-5c3f8bd2c9e77c0001eaabca.jpg 300w, https://www.thoughtco.com/thmb/5JGvh5lyuBlrLnqpUeeR1jqX4Rk=/600x0/filters:no_upscale():max_bytes(150000):strip_icc()/GettyImages-105781894-5c3f8bd2c9e77c0001eaabca.jpg 600w, https://www.thoughtco.com/thmb/HPpbJ7d5na1NEBAJ7ycAqwZ78C4=/900x0/filters:no_upscale():max_bytes(150000):strip_icc()/GettyImages-105781894-5c3f8bd2c9e77c0001eaabca.jpg 900w, https://www.thoughtco.com/thmb/0dgOiOM3_ANY2vCz2LArYLrj_hM=/1500x0/filters:no_upscale():max_bytes(150000):strip_icc()/GettyImages-105781894-5c3f8bd2c9e77c0001eaabca.jpg 1500w information src=https://www.thoughtco.com/thmb/Nytb8fnGIVOGbdiNZblGIwUrye0=/1500x1000/filters:no_upscale():max_bytes(150000):strip_icc()/GettyImages-105781894-5c3f8bd2c9e77c0001eaabca.jpg src=//:0 alt=Dead Fish Covered in Oil class=lazyload information click-tracked=true information img-lightbox=true information expand=300 id=mntl-sc-square image_1-0-25 information following container=true /> Vstock LLC /Getty Imagesâ Oil slicks frequently negatively affect fish, shellfish, and other marine life, especially if many fish eggs or hatchlings are presented to oil. Shrimp and clam fisheries along the Louisiana coast were among early losses of the BP Deepwater Horizon oil slick. Also, the Exxon Valdez spill decimated billions of salmon and herring eggs. A long time later those fisheries had not recuperated. Untamed life Habitat and Breeding Grounds <img information srcset=https://www.thoughtco.com/thmb/8ey0Dro2vvhOhF-Ezh5E6ZL4oDM=/300x0/filters:no_upscale():max_bytes(150000):strip_icc()/GettyImages-595075232-5c3f9264c9e77c00017eb516.jpg 300w, https://www.thoughtco.com/thmb/IyJ9u0uOhbdPo9yAU6pDbDg4QCM=/481x0/filters:no_upscale():max_bytes(150000):strip_icc()/GettyImages-595075232-5c3f9264c9e77c00017eb516.jpg 481w, https://www.thoughtco.com/thmb/L5-HQqy5UhLcqwTgaGo7nPDwaJk=/662x0/filters:no_upscale():max_bytes(150000):strip_icc()/GettyImages-595075232-5c3f9264c9e77c00017eb516.jpg 662w, https://www.thoughtco.com/thmb/gPrPpQ1W4FaHbwX1qNaklDQwk_4=/1024x0/filters:no_upscale():max_bytes(150000):strip_icc()/GettyImages-595075232-5c3f9264c9e77c00017eb516.jpg 1024w information src=https://www.thoughtco.com/thmb/AYFaVQSfYqosV8T3SdE46HaVp4c=/1024x673/filters:no_upscale():max_bytes(150000):strip_icc()/GettyImages-595075232-5c3f9264c9e77c00017eb516.jpg src=//:0 alt=Fish Kill class=lazyload information click-tracked=true information img-lightbox=true information expand=300 id=mntl-sc-square image_1-0-29 information following container=true /> Julie Dermanskyâ /Contributorâ /Getty Images Long haul harm to species and their natural surroundings and settling or rearing grounds is one of the

How To Fix Credit Report Errors

How To Fix Credit Report Errors How To Fix Credit Report Errors How To Fix Credit Report ErrorsAn error on your credit report could be dragging down your credit scoreâ€"and these errors are much more common than you might think!We’ve written in the past about how important credit reports areâ€"they are the tool that lenders, businesses, and employers use to determine how “risky” you are when it comes to paying back debts, like credit cards and personal loans, on time.But did you know that there can be mistakes on your credit report? That’s right, and it may be more common than you think.According to a recent report, the most common complaints received by the Consumer Financial Protection Bureau (CFPB), which has been running its Consumer Complaint Database since 2011, are related to the three major credit reporting agencies: Equifax, Experian, and TransUnion. Sixty-one percent of those complaints were related to credit reporting errors.According to a study by the Federal Trade Commission, an estimated one in five consumers has an error on at least one of their three major credit reports.Why is this an issue? Errors can impact your hard-earned credit score. You need a certain level of credit in order to get the best financing when it comes time to borrow money. Without good credit, your only options may be bad credit loans, no credit check loans, title loans, or payday loans (otherwise known as cash advances).All of these leave you at risk of predatory lending, debt traps, and sinking your credit even further. Credit reporting errors can have an even bigger impact on those who are just starting to build their credit or those with poor credit who are working to improve it.Luckily, there are ways to fix errors on your credit report. Here’s what to look for and what to do.Step 1: Check Your Credit ReportAs we’ve discussed on the blog in the past, you can check your three credit reports from the major credit reporting agencies for free once a year. All you have to do is go to AnnualCreditReport.com.You can choose to view all three at once or spread them out over the whole year. Just remember to note when you check your report, so you know when you can look again next year! As long as you look at each one only once a year, it does not impact your credit score.It’s also important to realize that each credit reporting agency does things slightly differently. It’s not unusual to see slightly different information, and it’s possible to have an error on one report and have everything shipshape on the other two. That’s why it pays to view all three!Step 2: Understand What a Credit Report Error Looks LikeWhat exactly is a credit report error anyway? According to Patricia Russell, a CFP at FinancialMarvel, a credit report error is “anything thats inaccurate.” This can be something as simple as misspelling or name or listing an incorrect home address to something more serious, such as an inaccurate hard check on your reportâ€"something that can negatively impact your credit score.According to the Federal Trade Commission study, one in four people have an error on one of their reports that could impact their credit score.When looking at your credit report, make sure to read everything very carefully. Make sure your name and all parts of your address and identifying information are correct. Verify that all of the open and closed accounts are correct and that the balances and payment histories add up.Review all of your hard credit checksâ€"you’ll see on the report, for example, if you’ve recently applied for an auto loan, credit card, phone plan, etc.â€"and verify that you recognize each one.If something looks unfamiliar, do a little research. Sometimes accounts, retail credit cards, for example, are listed by the name of a parent company, which may seem unfamiliar if your card is for a specific store. If something doesn’t add up, make a note of it.According to Russell, the most common mistakes include “credit card balances that are wrong, the reporting of any acco unt in an incorrect manner, and information for other people with the same name as you.” She notes that inaccurate information can also pop up “if someones social security number is close to yours.”But errors can also indicate that someone is trying to steal your identity or commit fraudâ€"another reason it’s important to check your report regularly. “Keep in mind that many people who have had their identity stolen have incorrect information on their credit report as well,” says Russell.Step 3: Alert the Reporting Agency of the ErrorMike Pearson, credit expert and founder of Credit Takeoff, has a five-step process for contacting credit reporting agencies with errors:Dispute the item with the right credit bureau. An incorrect item may appear on only one credit report, but not the others. Dispute the negative item only with the credit bureau where the item appears. (You can find each bureau’s contact information on the CFPB website.)Send a letter to the credit bureau req uesting that the item be deleted. Use a free letter template from the FTC website and be sure to send it via certified mailâ€"giving you legal proof the bureau received your letter.Include lots of documentation. With your letter, attach a copy of your credit report with your disputed items highlighted, and include any supporting documentation, such as payment records or court documents.Send a letter directly to the lender. If the credit bureau won’t remove the item, send another letter to the lender explaining why the item is inaccurate or incomplete.Never admit fault! Do not admit fault or guilt in your letter! Stick to the FTC template and leave your personal “story” out of itâ€"it could end up causing you more harm than good, since admitting to a late payment, for example, could give the credit bureau all the information it needs to not remove the item.“Credit companies usually have up to complete their investigation in 30 days,” says Russell. “However, if they feel i t is a frivolous dispute they wont take the time to investigate.” If the credit reporting agency deems the dispute credible, they forward your documentation to the entity in question, which is called the “furnisher.”According to the CFPB, if either the reporting agency or the furnisher decide that the claim is frivolous and that they won’t investigate, they have to notify you within five days.If the dispute is investigated, one of two things will happen. If it’s deemed an error, the furnisher will correct the information and notify all the credit reporting agencies. If it’s deemed correct information, it will not change on your report, but you can ask that a statement explaining the decision is included in your credit file. This will be sent to anyone who checks your report in the future.According to the FTC study, four in five people who filed disputes saw some change to their credit report.A Note on Identity TheftSuspicions of identity theft are treated a little bit di fferently than regular credit report mistakes. If you think you are the victim of identity theft, visit IdentityTheft.gov to report it and start the recovery process. To learn more about keeping your identity safe, check out  these other posts and articles from OppLoans:5 Steps You Can Take to Prevent Identity TheftHow to Protect Your Personal Info While TravelingWatch Out for Change-of-Address Identity Theft Scams!8 Tips to Spot an Online ImposterDo you have a personal finance question youd like us to answer? Let us know! You can find us  on  Facebook  and  Twitter.  |InstagramContributorsMike  Pearson  is the founder of  Credit Takeoff, a research-driven personal finance site for people looking to improve their credit. A proud member of the 800 Credit Club,  Mike  writes about practical steps that everyday consumers can take to increase their credit scores. His advice on credit repair and credit scores has appeared in QuickBooks, Go Banking Rates, and MortgageLoan.com.Patricia Rus sell is a Certified Financial Planner (CFP) and the founder of the personal finance blog,  FinanceMarvel, which provides free financial advice on managing credit, debit and savings. Patricia has more than 10 years experience in helping families and individuals take control of their personal finances and achieve financial independence.

Should The Decision Of Delivering A Child Or The Mother

Should the decision of delivering a child vaginally or cesarean reside in the physician or the mother? Afterall, it is the mother who will be enduring the pain of labor, possible complications, or postsurgical recovery. Many women who want c-sections believe it should be illegal to make someone go through labor. Is it ethically appropriate to perform a cesarean delivery on a maternal request at term in an otherwise uncomplicated pregnancy because of the risks of surgery (American Congress of Obstetricians and Gynecologists, 2013)? In labor and delivery, we never know when a baby may take a turn for the worse, so scheduling a safe c-section could fix that. These days many women are choosing to have surgery over the traditional†¦show more content†¦Still, in 1970, only 5% of infants were born via c-section (Lake, 2012). Nowadays, many women have many concerns of vaginally delivering their children. Many complications may result during a vaginal birth. Therefore, many women opt for a c-section. Most obstetricians disagree that women should not attempt vaginal delivery. This recent trend of electing a c-section is relating to patient’s greater access to information via the Internet and therefore sprouting questions about elective c-sections that obstetricians were not used to hearing in the past (ACOG, 2013). The Internet can be very informative and a reputable source of information, if the patient is searching the right websites. If not, the misunderstandings of risks and benefits of elective c-sections may become misinterpreted and need clarification from the obstetrician (ACOG, 2013). There are complications with both vaginal and c-section deliveries. Though, choosing a c-section has not shown and health benefits for women or infants who do not require the procedure (World Health Organization, 2015). C-sections have short and long term effects that can affect the health of a woman over the course of her life. Also, the cost comparison between both delivery methods can be a negative effect on the hospital. A typical, uncomplicated vaginal delivery generally costs $11,500, compared to the $20,000 a C-Section costs (Lake, 2012). Also, infants have a higher rate of

The True Meaning of Example of an Apa Research Paper

The True Meaning of Example of an Apa Research Paper The list of reference has to have a title that's centered from the top of the webpage and double spaced. All your headings have to be equal in significance or importance of one another. A title page is generally in the middle of the page and is a concise overview of the topic. The very first page in an essay below the APA format must satisfy these requirements. The War Against Example of an Apa Research Paper You might also see book outline. You can also see essay outline. You can also see resume outline. You might also see presentation outline. Example of an Apa Research Paper: the Ultimate Convenience! The demands of an APA citation are extremely exhaustive. APA format can help you to organize your paper well. The APA advises that you use the author-date method. APA and MLA each have various ways to compile and present a bibliography in a paper, so it's important to check into the particular formats for the standa rd which you are expected to use. If you aren't conscious of APA requirements just type in Google (or some other search engine) APA format and you are certain to get a good deal of results. Thus, you need to understand how to cite your sources right. The APA is among the most influential associations of professional psychologists on earth, including specialists from the USA and Canada, in addition to associate members from some other countries. APA format is well-known among students owing to its simple guidelines and approach. You want to assemble facts and ideas from number of sources and then you've got to skillfully interweave your own ideas and suggestions to create a research paper. If you wind up with different sources from the exact author, a few of which were published in exactly the same year, utilize an a'' and b'' designation to differentiate between both sources in your alphabetical listing. So, the one thing you need to do is simply to organize information you've found and texts you have written for your research. If needed, you can supply the list of the key keywords of your paper, it is going to help different people should they need to seek out your work in internet databases but you ought to use only keywords that describe your research in a suitable way. The Battle Over Example of an Apa Research Paper and How to Win It Investing in your future by selecting an editor who's a specialist in APA formatting together with in the proper use of the English language can turn a typical thesis into a superb thesis. As the title of the writing implies you must conduct the research in the certain region of knowledge. An APA format indicates the relationships of the ideas in your writing. For example if you're writing a business letter you may use a template that has space assigned for your address, your clients address and similar requisites. APA is a well-liked reference style employed in many types of academic writing. For instance, a Web page may not readily incorporate an author's name. The format of your abstract also depends upon the sort of paper you're writing. When writing references, APA style advises that you give the author's last name and utilize initials for the other names. If you understand how to compose an article critique, you will readily finish the assignment not based on its complexity and formatting peculiarities. All notes can be put on a single page at the close of the paper in the APA writing style. In case the writer employs a quote over 40 words, then it has to be indented five spaces from the margin and written in double space. All the references have to be set on a page at the close of the paper. The Fundamentals of Example of an Apa Research Paper Revealed A research paper that concerns scientific issues isn't only a free-style essay where you are able to tell readers whatever you desire. By studying various outline samples, you're guaranteed to come up with the ideal research paper outline in virtually no time. Actually, just about all academic and skilled research papers are needed to have an annotated bibliography. If you read an illustration of APA paper, you can observe that running heads aren't always mandatory. For any type of social science publication, the APA 6th edition is the best tool. For that reason, it's of interest to the student to find an APA citation handbook for individual reference. While the APA abstract has to be comprehensive, it is essential that you keep it short and concise. In the end, if you're writing your paper for a course or for a particular publication, make sure to bear in mind any particular instructions supplied by your instructor or by the journal editor. A letter of consent will likewise be sent to them together with a sample copy of the questionnaire which will be used, and the protocol of the researcher. The author names in addition to the year ought to be mentioned. Once you select the topic, there are some steps that you can follow to compose a research paper. New research is being conducted each day, and new means of learning are being perfected just as fast. The evaluation procedure must not develop into a power struggle between both people. Utilizing an illustration may greatly allow you to create a suitable structure, use necessary formatting procedures and shape the entire work according to professor's demands.

Fly High with Sti College Angeles Free Essays

string(155) " countless brainstorming sessions among the founders, perhaps from Sarte’s penchant for three-letter acronyms from the companies he managed at the time\." Fly High with STI College Angeles A. INTRODUCTION July 11, 2012 – 10:15 A. M†¦ (1st Semester of S. We will write a custom essay sample on Fly High with Sti College Angeles or any similar topic only for you Order Now Y 2012-2013) It is her second week in her new job as a Marketing Officer; Ms. Eleanor Pineda is very enthusiastic while checking the STI College Angeles Strategic Plans for 2012. â€Å"It has been eight (8) years that STI College Angeles is not achieving the projected number of first year students that must be enrolled each school year, not to mention that the shortage is majority half of what is projected. This is alarming Madam. – Eleanor Pineda â€Å"That is correct and it is disturbing in our end. We have been working it out to hit and surpassed every year’s projection, however the competition with all the colleges and universities around Angeles City makes the competition stiffer. As you can observe, we are located in a market saturated with lots of tertiary schools which also offers diverse courses. † – Ms. Rowena T. Selom, Administrator – STI College Angeles. â€Å"This will definitely serve as a challenge to you Eleanor as a newly hired M arketing Officer. You will be in-charge in initially encouraging fresh graduates of secondary level to be part of our school, and promoting our identity within the circle of Pampanga. My faculty can be of help in internal marketing, for we make sure that all professors and instructors are qualified and meet all the requirements as set by CHED and TESDA. This is to ensure that quality education is being given to our students. † – Mrs. Avelina A. Pena, Academic Head – STI College Angeles. â€Å"Thank you Madam, I will surely be needing helpful hands for me to materialize the projection of the school. – Eleanor Pineda â€Å"Competition gets stiffer, The City College of Angeles will become one of our greatest concerns, since according to the news I have heard, the construction of its building (classrooms and laboratories) will be fully utilized by second semester of this school year. It might even compete well with Holy Angel University and Angeles University Foundation, becau se hearsays is that it will offer affordable tuition fees like all other government initiated colleges. Indeed, we should watch that scenario as well. – Mary Ann Canlas, Finance Manager. A moment of silence engrossed the room†¦ â€Å"Oh.. before I forget, I would like to remind you that our monthly meeting for July will be on Friday next week (July 20, 2012) together with our President, Mr. Condrado M. Dayrit. Eleanor please continue looking at the concerns we have on falling to achieve our projected number of new students each year. Kindly formulate ideas and recommendations that would help STI College Angeles sustain its existence, profitably. † I’ll give my best Madam, and present only the best. †, this statement was followed by a confident smile and a wink. Everyone separated path and work accordingly†¦ B. COMPANY BACKGROUND SYLLABUS, Inc. Background SYLLABUS, INC. (Symbol Sciences Languages and Laboratories for Business, Incorporation) was e stablished with the purpose of bringing to the country side the fast emerging Information Technology. The company believed that through technology the Filipino youth can become truly globally competitive. Sharing the same vision for the Filipino youth, thru franchise agreement with Systems Technology Institute (STI) the first STI school in Pampanga was opened. In February 12, 1987 at Evangelista Bldg. , Mac Arthur Hiway, Angeles City (now located at Agson’s Bldg. , Mac Arthur Hiway Balibago, Angeles City). Through the constant change in the industry STI diversified its product slowly integrated itself into education industry as a school that provides boundless career opportunities through ICT-enhance, non-IT programs such as the B. S in Business Administration and BS in Hotel Restaurant and Management. STI College Angeles branch was the pioneer franchise of SYLLABUS, Inc. , and because of the passion of Mr. Condrado M. Dayrit to continuously be a channel of quality education he later on decided to franchise other STI College sites; STI College San Fernando (1988), STI College Nueva Ecija (1991) and STI College Guagua (1998). Unfortunately, because of economic crisis and downturns STI College Guagua and Nueva Ecija were closed, leaving San Fernando and Angeles in its existence. STI San Fernando is located at 2/F Tita’s Bldg. Gapan-Olongapo Road, City of San Fernando (Capital), Pampanga and is labelled as the main branch of STI College under the franchise of SYLLABUS. SYLLABUS, Inc. Vision and Mission Vision Statement: To be a world-class institution primarily engaged in education and training offering a wide range of technology based courses. Mission Statement: SYLLABUS, Inc. exists primarily for bringing high quality, technology based education and training to areas outside the Metro Manila in order to assist in the process of countryside development and de-urbanization. It is also the purpose of SYLLABUS, Inc. to harness its resources of people, money, technology and management know how in order to establish upstream and downstream enterprises and subsidiaries that will continuously provide opportunities for the company’s own graduates, faculty, staff and the community at large. STI COLLEGE.. A Taste of History It all started when four visionaries conceptualized setting up a training center to fill very specific manpower needs. It was in the early ‘80s when Augusto C. Lagman, Herman T. Gamboa, Benjamin A. Santos, and Edgar H. Sarte – four entrepreneurs and friends came together to set up Systems Technology Institute, a training center that delivers basic programming education to professionals and students who want to learn this new skill. Lagman, Gamboa, and Sarte were all heavily involved in the growing computer industry, while Santos just retired from his IT position in a pharmaceutical company. Sarte’s software house, Systems Resources Incorporated (SRI), kept losing programmers and analysts to jobs abroad. Programmers and analysts were a rare breed then, with only a few training centers offering courses on computer programming. There was clear need to find and hire people for SRI, and fulfil the need of a growing business industry that was migrating to automated or computerized business processes. The founders transformed the problem into an opportunity. Systems Technology Institute’s name came from countless brainstorming sessions among the founders, perhaps from Sarte’s penchant for three-letter acronyms from the companies he managed at the time. You read "Fly High with Sti College Angeles" in category "Essay examples" The first two schools were inaugurated on August 21, 2983 in Buendia, Makati and in Espana, Manila and offered basic computer programming courses. With a unique and superior product on their hands, it was not difficult to expand the franchise through the founders’ business contacts. A year after the first two schools opened, the franchise grew to include STI Binondo, Cubao, and Taft. A unique value proposition spelled the difference for the STI brand then: â€Å"First We’ll Tech You, Then We’ll Hire You. † Through its unique Guaranteed Hire Program (GHP), all qualified graduates were offered jobs by one of the founders’ companies, or through their contacts in the industry. The schools’ 1st batch of graduates, all 11 of them, were hired by SRI. And through GHP, more qualified STI graduates found themselves working in their field of interest straight out of school. No one among the four founders imagined that the Systems Technology Institute would become a college, or would grow to have over 100 schools across the country. But it did, all because of its unique value proposition, the synergy between the founders and their personnel, and the management’s faithfulness to quality. Before the 1990s ended, STI also recognized the younger generation’s need to superior IT-enabled education. It was during this time that STI started to venture into basic and secondary education. With its vast experience in managing tertiary level campuses, STI understood the responsibility of providing the same quality of learning tools and experiences to preparatory, elementary, and high school students. The outcome was the launch of the STI Basic Education and STI High School. The STI Colleges provide associate, baccalaureate, and masteral programs in the fields of Information and Communications Technology (ICT), Engineering, Business and Management, Hospitality and Tourism Management, Education, and Healthcare. These programs are duly accredited by the Commission on Higher Education (CHED) and the Technical Education and Skills Development Authority (TESDA). TESDA programs under the Colleges can also be ladderized with exit points that equip graduates with TESDA Certifications and the option to continue further studies in programs accredited by CHED. STI Vision We envision a technologically empowered society whose development and growth is driven by a knowledge-based workforce. STI Mission To be the leader in ICT-enabled human resource development through innovative learning and career planning methodologies. STI Values * Respect * Excellence * â€Å"Malasakit† * Meritocracy * Teamwork * Entrepreneurship * Service The following individuals are those who have control and influence in the decision making activities of STI College Angeles (SYLLABUS). Mr. Condrado M. Dayrit SYLLABUS, Inc. President Ms. Mary Ann CanlasFinance Manager Ms. Rowena T. SelomSchool Administrator – Angeles branch Ms. Avelina A. PenaAcademic Head – Angeles branch Ms. Eleanor PinedaMarketing Officer – Angeles branch Mr. Leo AdaptanteChannel Manager for North and Central Luzon – direct employer STI Headquarters (oversees the operation and sustainability f STI Colleges franchise) C. INDUSTRY BACKGROUND STI College Angeles has been existing in Balibago, Angeles City for 25 years, pursuing its commitment in delivering quality service to all students who aspire to become professionals with its affordable tuition fees. It occupies the 2nd to 5th floor of Agson’s Bldg. in Balibago, ac companied with two (2) computer laboratories, one (1) kitchen laboratory, one (1) bar set-up laboratory, one (1) hotel room, one (1) electronics room, one (1) library and eight (8) classrooms for lecture setup. Class hour is within 7:00am to 6:00 pm. STI College Angeles offers two-year courses (under the supervision of TESDA) that have ladderized program, four-year courses (under the supervision of CHED), and special courses such as Call Center Training, Effective Keyboarding Training, and Personality Development Trainings. STI serve students from the 33 barangays of Angeles, Mabalacat, Dau, Porac, and Tarlac. Within the vicinity of Angeles, it tries to attract enrollees from the existing 46 Secondary Schools especially fourth year students. | | | | | | | | | | | COURSES OFFERED by STI College Angeles| | | | | | | | | | Four Year Courses| | Two Year ; Special Courses| | | | B. S Computer Science (BSCS)| | Associate in Computer Technology (ACT) | B. S Information Technology (BSIT)| | Associate in Hotel and Restaurant Services (HRS)| B. S Office Administration (BSOAd)| | Certificate in Computer Electronics Technology (CCEP)| B. S Business Management (BSBM)| | Certificate in Call Center Training| B. S Hotel and Restaurant Management (BSHRM)| | Certificate in Effective Keyboarding Training| B. S Tourism (BSTM)| | Certificate in Personality Development Training| | | | Its Competitors†¦ Angeles City has more than 60 schools (from primary, secondary, tertiary, and graduate schools) within its circle, and about 17 out of the 60 offers college courses. True enough, STI College Angeles is living in a school saturated environment and competition is getting stiffer each school year. Below is the matrix of all the competitors of STI College Angeles. (Source: Marketing Concern created by: Mr. Mark Lagman, Computer Laboratory Coordinator of STI College Angeles) College/University| Distance fromSTI| Courses Offered| Tuition Fee(Per Semester)| Estimated Population(as of S. Y ’11-’12)| Angeles University Foundation| 3 Km| MedicineNursingLawHRMComputer ScienceInformation Tech. Bus. ManagementEducationCriminologyPsychology| 26,000 to 45,000| 9,000| Holy Angel University | 4. 5 Km| AccountingNursingEngineeringComp. ScienceInformation Tech. Bus. Management EducationHRMCriminologyPsychology | 27,000 to 40,000| 12,000| Republic Central Colleges | 4 Km| EducationNursingHRMManagementAccountingEngineeringComp. ScienceInformation Tech. Comp. SecretarialComp. Technician | 21,000 to 28,000| 2,000| Systems Plus College Foundation| 1 Km| BS Computer ScienceBS Info. Technology BS Bus. AdministrationBS Comp EngineeringBS ECEBS HRMBS in TourismBS Nursing| 26,000 to 45,000| 4,000| Systems Plus Computer College | 4 Km| 2yr Computer Science with Photoshop2-yr Info Technician with AutoCADD 2yr Comp Technology2yr Computer Secretarial2 yr HRSCaregiver2-yr Comp Engineering – Major in Networking Technology| 15,000 to 18,000| 700| Mega Computer College | 4 Km| 2yr Comp Science2yr Comp EngineeringIntegrated Programming1-year Computer Technician2yr Comp Technology| 15,700 to 17,000| 250| AMA Computer College – Angeles City | 4. Km| BS Bus AdministrationBS Info TechnologyBS Computer ScienceBS Comp EngineeringBS Electronics ; Communications Engineering| 19,000 to 23,000| 400| AMA Computer Learning Center – Angeles City | 4. 5 Km| Comp. Based AccountingOffice ; Information ManagementComputer Systems Design ; ProgrammingInternet TechnologyComputer Systems ; Networking Technology2-year Hotel ; Restaurant Management| 13,000 to 18,000| 400| AMA Computer Learning Center – Dau, Mabalacat | 3 Km| Computer Systems Design ; ProgrammingOffice ; Information ManagementComputer Systems ; Networking Technology2-year Hotel ; Restaurant Management| 13,000 to 18,000| 400| Integrated Computer School Foundation| 3 Km| BS in Infromation TechnologyComputer Science2yr Computer ProgrammingComp. SecretarialComp. Engineering in Hardware Technology1-year Computer Technician| 14,000 to 17,000| 200| Montessori ProfessionalCollege| 3. 5 Km| Nursing ScienceComputer ScienceOffice SecretarialComputer AccountancyBusiness ManagementHotel and Restaurant Management| 8,000 to 10,000| 150| AIE College or Asian Institute of E-Commerce | 3 Km| 2yr Info. Technology 2yr Business ; Information Management2yr Computer Technology2yr HRS| 10,000 to 12,000| 250| Asian Institute for Computer Studies| 2 Km| BS Comp. Science 2yr Comp. Science2yr Comp. Secretarial2yr Comp. Technician2yr Hospitality ; Restaurant Services | 9,300 to 14,000| 450| Asian Institute of Science and Technology | 2 Km| 2yr Comp. Science2yr Business Information2yr Comp. Technician2yr Hospitality ; Restaurant Services | 7,600 to 12,000| 350| Clark International College of Technology| 2 Km| 2-yr Comp. Programming2-Yr Comp. Secretarial2-Yr Comp. Technology2-Yr Customer Relations Management2-Yr Consumer Electronics2-Yr HRS| 14,000 to 17,000| 400| Jose C. Feliciano College | 2. 5Km| BS Business ManagementBS Tourism2yr Computer Technician2yr Electronics TechnicianMarine EngineeringSea Farer CourseMidwifery ; Nursing Aide | 16,000 to 22,000| 1,200| Comparative Analysis on Tuition Fees Marketing Strategies ; Activities†¦ STI College Angeles conform to the policy and set laws of STI Head Quarters located in Global City Taguig, Philippines. From the management to the academic concerns all of which need to be addressed to STI-HQ. Marketing techniques and activities were also product of STI-HQ. From billboards, to flyers, to CDs, sponsorships, career orientations, competitions, and scholarships month were all advised at the Head Quarters. This is to maintain the centralization of franchised branch of STI. Next page shows the Marketing Calendar and the Advertising and Promotion Expenses of STI College Angeles for S. Y 2012-2013. INQUIRY VS. NEW STUDENTS A. Y 2009-2011 ENROLLMENT SUMMARY A. Y 2006-2011 (All Graphs Source: Marketing Concern created by: Mr. Mark Lagman, Computer Laboratory Coordinator of STI College Angeles) STI College Angeles TOWS Analysis **THREATS**| **WEAKNESSES**| 1. Stiff competition with other colleges and universities. 2. Unstable economic condition in the Philippines that might affect parents’ decision in sending their children into college. 3. K+12 Policy ratify by the Philippines Department of Education which started S. Y 2012. | 1. School facade and location not visible to the public. 2. Lack spacious surrounding and minimal number of rooms; 2 laboratories not enough to accommodate large classes. 3. Incomplete and obsolete facilities (for IT laboratories, Kitchen laboratory, and Library) 4. High-turnover rate of faculty members. | **OPPORTUNITIES**| **STRENGTHS**| 1. The increasing demand of High School students to finish bachelor / associate courses. Continuous demand for ICT and other skilled professionals. 2. Educational institutions will not become obsolete. 3. There are about 40 + Secondary Schools in Angeles City alone. Not to mention nearby places like Dau, Mabalacat, and Porac. There will always be new market to encourage every school year. 4. Can attract working people who wishes to continue study to enroll at STI. | 1. Job Placement Assistance (E2E – Employment to Enrollment) Program. 2. One of the reputable college institution in-terms of IT in the Philippines. 3. Flexible schedule can be given to an employee who wishes to study while working. 4. Well equipped faculty members and staff. . Legal consent and requirements of CHED and TESDA properly organized. | D. ALTERNATIVES July 20, 2012 – 1:30 P. M (STI College San Fernando – Conference Room) Condrado (SYLLABUS, President): It’s nice to finally meet you personally Eleanor, welcome to SYLLABUS. Eleanor (STI Angeles, Marketing Officer): It’s my pleasure to meet you Mr. President. Thank you for the warm welcome that I have been receiving from all of y ou. Mary Ann (SYLLABUS, Finance Manager): Since everyone is settled already, I think we can now start Mr. President. The main agenda we have for today’s meeting is the issues being face by STI College Angeles in failing to achieve the projected number of new student every school year. Condrado (President): Okay, that is clear with me. How can we address such dilemma then? Rowena (STI Angeles, Administrator): I believe that we must continue investing in improving our facilities and equipment. If students have good equipment to use in their studies and can see nice facilities within our vicinity they will be spreading news on how good it is to be part of STI and will be encouraged to enroll. In addition, we must do additional effort in promoting our school by doing double effort in our promotion and advertising activities for 2012. Visit more schools; sponsor seminars, events, and competitions; make STI existence visible to the public by displaying multiple STI banners, billboards, and flyers indicating the courses we offer and the location for them to reach us. Condrado (President): Isn’t that we have been doing the same things before? Avelina (STI Angeles, Academic Head): That is true Mr. President, however I believe that Rowena’s suggestion is only one of the strategies that we can do to achieve our projected number of students. Yes we can improve our current facilities and equipment within the school and it can attract more students but additional students require additional space. As of the moment, our location can accommodate less than 500 students and we still experience minor problems in terms of room assignment and space. If our objective is to increase students and to meet our projected number of enrollees, we must start in preparing a better building first. A new building with larger and spacious structure, plus a visible facade will be an effective marketing strategy. Condrado (President): Hmm†¦ our place is really not visible to the public. Mary Ann (Finance Manager): Your proposal is for STI Angeles to locate into a new building, larger than what we rent now; a building with a visible facade for it to be more obvious to the public. The intention is good, but we must consider the financial status of STI Angeles before we can decide on that. Condrado (President): Can we now hear your proposal Eleanor? Eleanor (STI Angeles, Marketing Officer): Yes Mr. President, as I have listened carefully and as a result of my observation with the previous years of STI Angeles – the problem that we wanted to conquer is to get the target number of students. The solution that I would like to propose is Internal Marketing with STI Students. In every 1 student he/she should migrate 4 students (transferee or new student then the student will be given a gift of knowledge of 50% scholarship in tuition fee. And in every 6 students enrolled by 1 student, he/she will be given 100% scholarship plus a uniform and any STI kit. The way I came with the computation is shown in the screen: 50% Gift of Knowledge (GOK)| 100% Gift of Knowledge (GOK)| 1 student = 20,000 (estimated payment, 50% GOK)4 student = 80,000 (enrolled)_________________________________________Total: 60,000 10,000 (miscellaneous fee and OSF)__________________________________________ 70,000 (School)| 1 student = 20,000 (estimated payment, 100% GOK)6 student = 120,000 (enrolled)___________________________________________Total 100,000 5,000 (Miscellaneous fee and OSF)___________________________________________ 105,000 (School)| Other resolution is to have rental fee for any available rooms that we have: Example: a. Kitchen laboratory (7:00-9:00 pm) class for any tutorial culinary (others). b. Computer laboratory (7:00-9:00 pm) class for any tutorial in computers (others). c. Marketing strategy with the help of any organizations like SM Supermalls in SM City Clark. d. Sponsoring activities of any high school (example: held a competition within their school or tabulations with their school or having seminars) e. Talk to different school principals and have communications like school open house (some of the principals need an exposure). . Posting out STI College Angeles through the use of streamers. Condrado (President): I love the zest of ideas that are coming from everyone’s mind. Give me an action plan and a feasibility study on all your suggestions, present it to me next month. Let’s call it a day†¦ *end* Gratitude to the following people who provided me the information and data to compl ete my term paper. Mrs. Rowena T. Selom, Administrator of STI College Angeles. Mr. Mark P. Lagman,Computer Laboratory Coordinator of STI College Angeles. How to cite Fly High with Sti College Angeles, Essay examples

IOI Corporation Berhad Essay Example

IOI Corporation Berhad Essay In 1990, the founding chairman Dates Tan Seen Man decided to retire and his on Tan Sir Tan Change Mum replaced his position as the new chairman of the company. Soon after he took over his father position as chairman, he always wishes TAB to be listed in Bursa Malaysia as one of the public listed companies in Malaysia. In year 1 992, the company changes its name from Tan Bertha to Tan Holdings Bertha. At the same year, TAB has been successfully listed in Bursa Malaysia and the company obtains the funding from its initial public offering. When the company has been listed in auras Malaysia, Tan Sir Tan Change Mum decided to maximize the company wealth by venturing into Food industry equines in 1992. TAB also manage to set up a subsidiary company named Tan Food Industry Bertha to manage the holdings companys food industry business. Since then, TAB has begun to flow into international market when the company successfully acquires multiple food production plants in Malaysia and started to export the food products to Singapore, China, Japan, Korea, Indonesia, United States and United Kingdom. The company also obtains the ISO 9001 from the government of Malaysia. We will write a custom essay sample on IOI Corporation Berhad specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on IOI Corporation Berhad specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on IOI Corporation Berhad specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer In 1 999, the company begins to venture itself in property investment and development industry. TAB successfully bough several piece of properties in Malaysia and also in other foreign countries such as China, Indonesia, Singapore and Thailand. In 2014, TAB was ranked 36th in the Forbes Malaysia among other 1 00 I. Product and Services: TAB has grown to become one of the leading conglomerate companies in Malaysia. In the food production industry Of the company, the company introduces variety of biscuits such as Choc Pie which is very famous in United States and South Korea to consumers in Malaysia. Furthermore, the company has manage to produce more than 50 types of biscuits and available for Malaysia consumer and exportation to other countries. Moreover, TAB also produce and extract high quality palm oil in the palm oil plantation at Kerning, Clangor. TAB also recognized as one of the contributor in the exportation of palm oil to other palm oil consumption countries especially to China In the property investment and development industry of the company, TAB successfully launch the Z-Residence (a 20 floors premium condominium) in Cybercafà ©. II. Future Prospect In the future, Tan Holdings Bertha will diversify the companys business portfolio by venturing into telecommunication industry. TAB will become one of the network and Internet service providers when the company successfully applied for a network service license which approved by Malaysia Communications and Multimedia Commission (MAC). The company will also plan to provide high-speed Internet service (using fiber optic cable) to residents in Malaysia. Moreover, TAB will also expand its property investment and development business in the future by property hotels, resorts and recreation development. Therefore, TAB is considered as one of the good companies with better prospect to sustain in the future. IV. Board of Directors and committees The Chairman of Tan Holdings Bertha (TAB) is Tan Sir Tan Change Mum since 1990. Prior to his position as chairman of TAB, he holds one of the top management positions in TAB. His father wants him to learn how he manages the company. In addition, the Chief Executive Officer (CEO) of TAB is Eng Kina Hat. He has a great leadership and previously he is one of the CEO another public listed company in Malaysia as well. With his leadership skills, TAB believe that he will bring a better future prospect of the company. Moreover, the current Chief Financial Officer (CUFF) is Mrs.. Limit Yen Vein. She was an CA professional certification graduate and has more than 20 years experience in accounting profession. Further, the company also appointed Mr.. Peter Limit as independent non-executive directors of TAB. Since then, Mr.. Peter Limit has been actively involved in companys corporate affairs and general management. 01 Corporation Bertha (101 Group) 101 Corporation Bertha (commonly known as 101), was incorporated on 31 SST of October 1969 as Industrial Oxygen Incorporated Sad Bed. The company first core business is industrial gas manufacturing. Subsequently, 101 successfully listed in Koala Lumpy Stock Exchange (KEELS) on 29 July 1980. Moreover, the company also ventured into resource based manufacturing businesses (refineries, Electrochemical and specialty oils and fats) when the company successfully a cquired Perusal Mesas Sad Bed. Since then, the company is recognized as the most efficient oil palm plantation company in the world. Besides that, 101 also venture into Electrochemical business when the company has acquired 32. 96% stake in Palmtop Holdings Bertha (renamed as 101 Electrochemical Industry Sad Bed) on March 1997. Since then, 01 Corporation Bertha has become a vegetable-based Electrochemical producer in Malaysia. In addition, the company also manages to acquire a controlling interest in Lam Soon Hat Development Bed (renamed as 101 Properties Bed) in January 1994 and it becomes One of the subsidiaries Of 101 Corporation Bertha. With this acquisition, the company has taken its first step into property investment and development industry. Besides that, the company also takes an important role in promoting Malaysia Tourism when the company decides to build and develop resort in Pituitary known as 101 Resort City. Subsequently, 01 Properties Bed has successfully listed on the Main Market of Bursa Malaysia as one of the largest property companies in January 2014. II. Product and services: Currently, 101 Corporation Bertha has successfully diversifies its business portfolio such as plantation and agriculture, property investment and development, chemical manufacturing and resorts. As a result, 101 is recognized as one of the biggest conglomerates in Malaysia. In the plantation and agriculture industry of 101 Corporation Bertha, the company operates 152,000 hectares of oil palm plantations in Malaysia and 83,000 hectares in Indonesia. The company also operates 12 palm oil mills with a total capacity of producing 4. 1 million tones per year. Malaysia and one located in Netherlands. These refineries convert crude palm oil into edible oils such as palm oil and palm kernel oil and market off to various food production companies. Thus, it contributes to Ohios biggest income generator among other business portfolio. Moreover, in the Electrochemical and specialty oils and fats industry (under resource-based manufacturing) of 101 Corporation Bertha, the company is known as one of the leading vegetable-based Electrochemical producers in the oral. In addition, the company also involves in manufacturing and selling of fatty acids, glycerin, soap noodles and fatty esters which is needed to produce detergents, shampoo, soap and cosmetics. As for the specialty oils and fats industry of the company, 101 Corporation Bertha manage to supply fractionated oils and fats required by food industry such as Milliner, Nestle, Catbird and Kraft. On the other hand, the property investment and development of 101 Corporation Bertha has also brought in a portion of income to the company. The company has managed to acquire several of lands. Besides that, the company has also launched 101 City Mall in 101 Resort City in Pituitary recently. Below is the list of properties that owned by 101 Corporation Bertha: Location: Property name: 1. Pouching sierra, Bandanna Putter Pouching and Bandanna Pouching Jay 2. Pituitary 101 Resort City 3. Slang Bandanna Putter Slang and Bandanna Putter Slang 4. Bang Bandanna putter Bang 5. Seepage Bandanna Putter Warns 6. Bah (Niger Assemblies) Bandanna 101 Bah 7. Kulak (Juror) Bandanna Patria Kulak and Bandanna Patria Casemate 8. Despair (Penman) Despair 9. Singapore South Beach development and Pinnacle at Santos Cove 01 Corporation Bertha has many future prospects that are planned in future especially in the companys property investment and development business portfolio. The company has plan many new property projects in Bandanna Putter Bang such as Cubical Square, Lamar Residence. Besides that, the company also plans to further develop Bandanna Putter Pouching with a few residential areas with projects named Putter Hills Luxury Town Villa and Putter Hills Condominiums where is located in Pouching. Moreover, 101 Corporation Bertha also has planned to buy a substantial stake of 37. 17% in Taipei Financial Center Corp. (TFTP). For your information, TFTP owns the most famous landmark of Taiwan, the Taipei 101 tower. Currently, the negotiation of acquisition of stake by 101 Corporation Bertha to T FCC is still on going. As for the plantation and agriculture of 101 Corporation Bertha, the company plans to replant at least aha to aha of estates in Malaysia and plant around aha of new palm oil Indonesia per annum for the next 3 years ahead. The company is also reportedly active in negotiation with international companies for potential joint ventures in the specialty oils and fats industry. The current executive chairman of 101 Corporation Bertha is Tan Sir Data Lee Shin Change. He is also the founder of 101 Group which listed on Bursa Malaysia on 29 July 1980. Furthermore, He was awarded the prestigious Malaysia palm Oil Association Recognition Award in 2011 for his great leadership which lead 101 Corporation Bertha became one of the leading plantation and property group in Malaysia. Moreover, the current Chief Executive Officer (CEO) of 101 Corporation Bertha is Data Lee Yew Chord. The Board of Directors of the company appointed him as CEO of the company on 8 January 2014. Furthermore, he holds a LB (Honors) from Kings College in London and Diploma in Finance and Accounting from London School of Economics. Prior to his position as CEO of 101 Corporation Bertha, he served in Malaysia Judiciary service as a Magistrate. In addition, Mr. Lee Yew Seen is a Non-lengthened Non-Executive Director of 101 Corporation Bertha. He is actively involved in corporate affairs and general management within 101 Corporation Bertha and its subsidiaries. Moreover, Tan Sir Peter Chin FAA GUI is a Chairman Of the Nominating and Remuneration Committee as well as member of the Audit and Risk Management Committee of the Company. He is best known as former secretary for the Ministry of Energy, Green Technology and Water, Ministry of Plantation Industries and Commodities, Ministry of Housing and Local Government, Ministry of Science, Technology and the Environment and Ministry of Welfare Services respectively. Dates R. Ukrainian and Mr.. Each Take Kiang serve as an Independent Non-Executive Director of 101 Corporation Bertha. Both of them were also involved in the Audit and Risk Management Committee as well as member of the Nominating and Remuneration Committee of the Company. Barbara Corporation Bertha (Bicorn) Barbara Corporation Bertha (commonly known as Bicorn) was founded by Tan Sir Data Series Vincent Tan Cheese Yin in 1984. In the same year, he successfully acquired a major controlling interest in Barbara Industrial Bertha (formerly known as Barbara Swat Bertha and now known as Reek Pacific Bertha). Moreover, Barbara Group Bertha (formerly known as Inter-Pacific Industrial Group Bertha) became a holding company of Reek Pacific Bertha after the company had major restructuring. For information, Inter-Pacific Industrial Group Bertha was incorporated in 1967 as bicycle manufacturer ND the company has successfully listed on Bursa Malaysia in 1969. In addition, Barbara Corporation Bertha acquire listing status on the Main Board of Bursa Malaysia when the company complete its group restructuring exercise in October 2005 and the issues Of new shares on 3rd January 2006. Besides that, the company has successfully diversified its business portfolio. Currently, the company has engaged in many industries such as direct selling and retail, property investment and development, gaming and lottery management, motor trading distribution and food beverage industry. Below is the list of Bicorn and its subsidiaries: industry: Us bestiaries: Year of incorporated: Controlling stake by Holdings Retail Barbara Retail Bertha 8th June 2010 100% Property investment and development (I) Barbara Land Bertha (ii) Barbara Asset Bertha (I) 1990 (ii) 1978 (I) 73. 33% (ii) 76. % Food and beverages Barbara Food Bertha 21 SST October 2009 58. 85% Gaming and lottery management Barbara Sports Toto Bertha 1969 51 . 76% Motor trading and distribution Barbara Auto Bertha 1st April 2008 36. 74% Media Barbara Media Bertha 4 March 2008 72. 09% Financial service Barbara Capital Bertha 1999 92. 4% . Product and services Barbara Corporation Bertha (Bicorn) is a successful conglomerate i n Malaysia. The company has many business portfolios such as direct selling and retail, property investment and development, gaming and lottery management, motor trading distribution and food beverage industry. In the direct selling and retail of Bicorn, the company has introduce a direct marketing or multi level marketing business named Cocoas in 1979. Cocoas is a retail chain which market more than 2000 consumer product specialized in health and nutritional supplements, personal care products, water filtration yeses, cosmetics and fragrances and etc. Besides that, Bicorn also bring in an organic specialty store known as Country Farm Organics (CUFF). The store provides many organic products with a reasonable price to its consumer in Malaysia. In addition, the property investment and development of Bicorn comprise of 2 subsidiaries known as Barbara Land Bertha and Barbara Asset Bertha. Bicorn own a lot of properties in Malaysia such as Barbara Times Square, Plaza Barbara, Barbara Magical, Wigwams Cocoas and etc. As property investment of the company. Furthermore, the company also owns some land for property velveteen purposes such as Meaner Bangkok Bank, Vagina 25, The Peak at Among, KIM Condominium and etc. Moreover, in the food and beverages business portfolio of the company, Bicorn has introduced Struck Coffee, Kenny Rogers Roaster Restaurant, Crispy Creme Donuts, Papa John Pizza restaurant and Wendy fast food restaurant and etc. Furthermore, Sports Toto is the product offered by Bicorn in its gaming and lottery management business. Today, Sports Toto is the largest number forecast operator in Malaysia in terms of number of outlets as well as product offerings. In the motor trading and distribution industry, Bicorn is the official distributor of Mazda vehicle (Bertram Motor Sad Bed), Soda automobiles (Danni Pretests Auto Sad Bed), Change automobiles (Change Barbara Auto Sad Bed), Mercedes Benz automobiles (NASA Automobile Corporation Sad Bed) and Gaston Martin automobiles (Gaston Martin Lagoons (SEA) Pet Ltd). In the Media business portfolio of Bicorn, the company has issue free newspaper known as The Sun to the public. The company plays an important role to promote and improve our countrys English standards and reading culture of Malaysia.

Let 90s Nostalgia Rock Your Content Marketing

Let 90s Nostalgia Rock Your Content Marketing New research shows that we are more likely to spend money when were feeling nostalgic. According to the Journal of Consumer Research: Consumers that were asked to think about the past were willing to pay more for a set of products than consumers asked to think about new or future memories. Did that get your attention? Interesting results, but thats not all. Another study showed an increased willingness to give more money to others after recalling, reflecting, or writing about a nostalgic past life event. This got me thinking – how does this nostalgia effect influence your content marketing? Are readers more likely to share your content when they are feeling nostalgic? Will  they be more likely to convert? Will they be more likely to buy your product or service? The evidence seems to indicate that they  might. The first step to applying this to your content marketing is to understand what nostalgia is in the first place. What Is Nostalgia? Technically, the term  nostalgia  describes a  particular sentimentality towards  a former experience. In simpler terms, it is a positive reflection  of the past, and a powerful one at that. Nostalgia is generally  triggered by some sort of  cue  from the past. This  sentimentality is then  associated with  a period or place with happy personal memories. The term itself  was coined by a 17th-century medical student as a way to describe the anxieties displayed by  Swiss  mercenaries fighting away from home. In later years, as science has learned more about the phenomena, nostalgia  has been  widely considered  an independent and even positive emotion that people experience often. There are four commonly understood functions of nostalgia. They include, improve mood, increase social connectedness, enhance positive self-regard, and provide existential meaning. This is where things really start to get interesting for marketers. Improve Mood Nostalgia has often been found to increase one’s mood and heighten positive emotions. This reaction seems to stem from feelings of warmth or coping resulting from nostalgic reflections. In essence, the presence of nostalgic emotions give us a method for coping with things that could hinder our own happiness. This natural coping method instinctively seems to improve our mood and function. Increase Social Connectedness Interestingly, nostalgia also seems to increase our sense of social connectedness. This is a very important factor for the use of nostalgia in modern marketing. In essence, nostalgia is  triggered by a feeling of  loneliness, but counteracts such feelings with reflections of close relationships. Enhance Positive Self-Regard Nostalgia can also help us feel better about ourselves.  Researchers  found that subjects who thought of nostalgic memories showed more positive characteristics than those who thought of exciting future experiences. This research also revealed that a lack nostalgic experiences reflected a pattern of selfish and self-centered behavior. As nostalgic experiences were introduced, so was the positive  behavior. Provide Existential Meaning You may be surprised to learn that  nostalgia also helps increase one’s self-esteem and meaning in life. It does this by removing  threats to our well-being, and also by initiating a desire to deal with problems or stress.  Studies  have  found that nostalgia correlates positively with one’s sense of meaning in life. Nostalgia is a known way to boost peoples mood. It allows people to live (and re-live) something familiar,  something  they remember, a positive emotional experience. –  Gabriel Trionfi (Pinterests  user experience researcher) Nostalgia is a powerful neuropsychiatric force that  can frequently becoming a  driving force for our behavior.  Its effects can be seen in who we select to marry (we frequently marry spouses with characteristics reminiscent of those of our parents), and  our adoption of political affiliations (we may become  Democrats, Republicans, or even racists simply because our parents were). So, if it can effect these major life decisions, certainly it can also affect our purchasing and consuming behavior. And that is where nostalgia comes in for  a  content marketing pro life yourself. Examples Of  Nostalgia In Internet Marketing One of the best examples of nostalgia in internet culture is the popular photo-sharing service Instagram. These user-shared photos are soaked in nostalgia. Reminiscent of photos from old Polaroid cameras,  the photos  are frequently  wrapped in a white border. In addition, by allowing users to select from a variety of filters (including some with labels  like  1970), users are able to re-create the faded and worn appearance that is recognizable from  photos of the past. Instagram fosters a huge sense of nostalgia. Blogger David Yoon calls this fake nostalgia, and he certainly has a point – it is manufactured. But Instagrams features still do a great job of highlighting the power of nostalgia. In his piece, David points out that  our  digital photographs have lost the nostalgic feel because they did not age like more traditional photographs.   This is a good point, and it helps us understand the rise in popularity of tools like Instagram. While Instagrams nostalgia is purely manufactured, it is a harkening back to the good old days  of photography and obviously brings with it some powerful emotions. We have to wonder: would Instagram have been as popular without the throwback? Well never know, but the theory is certainly worth considering. One place we can see this theory come to light is with something called throwback Thursday, the  popular internet  practice of posting an old photo, thought, or idea on social media. Originally made popular on Instagram itself,  #TBT is now a practice that is used across the web as a way to reminisce and remember the past. It is nostalgia in action. In recent months, Facebook has also started feeding our nostalgic urges. This February, as it celebrated its  own  10 year anniversary, Facebook gave its  users the opportunity to watch a video of their history on Facebook. The short videos contained  Ã‚  15 or so of the  users  most-liked photos, statuses, and life events set to a catchy tune. While a  bit cheesy, these videos  are a great example of nostalgia in action, and reminder of the cultural significance of sites like Facebook. Other services like Timehop, have embraced the power of nostalgia in a similar way.  Promising to be a time capsule of you, Timehop allows users to see their  photos and updates from an  exact day in history (usually a year prior). Timehop promises to help you celebrate the best moments of the past with your friends. Nostalgia much? Traditional brands have been long-aware of the power of nostalgia. Recently, General Mills  went retro with several of their major cereal brands, a practice already proven to be popular by other brands like Pepsi and Mountain Dew with their throwback product line.  Krafts Macaroni Cheese line also introduced a bit of 90s nostalgia recently by bringing their product, the Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles, and Vanilla Ice to the same stage. The results were fairly, nostalgic, to say the least. So, nostalgia is not necessarily a new marketing tactic, but in content marketing, I think it is often left unexplored. Can it work? Thats the question we need to ask ourselves now. How To Take Advantage of Nostalgia In Content Marketing Before we get too far, we need to set some ground rules. The folks over at Scripted have cleverly identified three conditions that should be met  before  we try to  use nostalgia in our content marketing. They are: We  must consider our  target market’s age range in order to choose a time era that demographic can identify with. We  have to choose an event, style, etc. that invokes positive memories and a sense of trust. The chosen era or event should invoke the emotions that we want  people to associate with our  brand. In other words, dont go harkening back to the roaring twenties (and expect a nostalgic reaction) if your audience is primarily comprised of skater-kids that were popping zits in the 90s. Take for example Krafts placement of Vanilla Ice and the  Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles. These are both throwbacks to my early days as youth. I clearly remember being in a Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtle fan club and I  know for sure that I owned a Vanilla Ice cassette tape at some point. These are both fond memories now that I am in my 30s. Not only that, but I am also the parent of three small children. I am a prime target for Kraft Macaroni Cheese. Well played Kraft, well played. If you dont  align your marketing and your audience properly, you are fighting an uphill battle already. Nostalgia only works if it is actually nostalgic for your readers. So,  if you dont know the demographic of your readers, you can do some digging in Google Analytics, or complete this short exercise that will help you identify your audience. Nostalgia only works in #contentmarketing if your content is  actually nostalgic for your readers.5 Ways To Apply Nostalgia To Our Content Marketing So you may be thinking that  this nostalgia thing sounds great, but I havent really provided any conclusive methods for introducing it to your content marketing. I am glad you brought it up. While this is by no means a conclusive list, here are 5 quick ideas that Ive found for applying nostalgia to  content marketing. #1: Weave Nostalgic  References  Into Your Content Through Storytelling One of the easiest ways to incorporate the effects of nostalgia is through the art of storytelling and reference. Our own content creator, Julie Neidlinger, wrote a post a few years back bringing together the art of content marketing and the beloved mix tape of the 80s. In this type of post, the nostalgic reference is merely an element used to engage the reader in the work. It is simple and effective. #2: Add Nostalgic Reminders To Your Visual Elements In many cases, nostalgic elements can be incorporated into the design of page elements, like they were on this post about audience fragmentation from just a few weeks ago. The visual elements on the page harken to a time and idea past, reflecting and fostering a feeling of nostalgia. #3: Interact With Your Audience In A Nostalgic Way Whenever someone becomes a new paying customer of , we love to thank them with a physical notebook that they can use to jot down blog ideas when they are on the go. is a digital product  so this  is somewhat counterintuitive, but it has proven to be a great program. It encourages us and our users to think about the days of old when we used to write thing in places other than the computer. #4: Create Content That Allows Readers To Experience Greater Nostalgia Love them or hate them, Buzzfeed has garnered a great deal of attention by actually allowing us to interact with their own sense of nostalgia. On their site, you will find dozens of (basically meaningless) quizzes that allow us to discover which 90s soundtrack we are, or which Friends character we should hide in our basement. These may be silly, but they are also popular and are shared like crazy on Facebook. â€Å"The quiz is kind of like the broken-down-to-its-core of what BuzzFeed is,† Summer Anne Burton, Buzzfeed’s managing editorial director and the head of its quiz initiative, told Nieman Lab. â€Å"It gives someone something that they can relate to well enough that they can share it with others.† Buzzfeed built a custom template so that its staffers and its community contributors can easily create these identity-focused questionnaires. (source: The Atlantic) #5: Throwback For A day Microsoft has done an excellent job of using throwback nostalgia to improve its brand and reputation. After taking a beating for years with an error-ridden browser, their marketing team began using nostalgia (ironically) to make amends with the web developers that they have offended along the way – even going as far as releasing a throwback version of their website, an idea that will never get old for a generation of web developers who grew up using tables and font tags on this new thing called the world wide web. The Effects Of Nostalgia In Content Marketing Perhaps Don Draper said it best. Nostalgia is powerful, but delicate. Used correctly, though, it can help us accomplish many things – including better content marketing. Teddy told me that in Greek nostalgia literally means, the pain from an old wound. Its a twinge, in your heart. Far more powerful then memory alone. This device isnt a spaceship, its a time machine. It goes backwards, forwards. It takes us to a place, where we ache to go again. Its not called The Wheel. Its called The Carousel. It lets us travel in a way a child travels. Round and round, and then back home again. To a place where we know we are loved. Don Draper   Nostalgia can make users more likely to share. #ContentMarketingJust take a look at Buzzfeeds quiz page, which  now contains  some of the most shared and most  nostalgic  content on an already popular site. Nostalgia can make users more likely to convert. #ContentMarketingIf nostalgia makes visitors more likely to buy, then it is fair to assume that it would also make them more likely to convert as an inbound lead. Maybe its time to incorporate some nostalgia into your inbound process.

The Wounded Knee Massacre

The Wounded Knee Massacre   The massacre of hundreds of Native Americans at Wounded Knee in South Dakota on December 29, 1890, marked a particularly tragic milestone American history. The killing of mostly unarmed men, women, and children, was the last major encounter between the Sioux and U.S. Army troops, and it could be viewed as the end of the Plains Wars. The violence at Wounded Knee was rooted in the federal governments reaction to the ghost dance movement, in which a religious ritual centered around dancing became a potent symbol of defiance to white rule. As the ghost dance spread to Indian reservations throughout the West, the federal government began to regard it as a major threat and sought to suppress it. The tensions between white and Indians greatly increased, especially as federal authorities began to fear that the legendary Sioux medicine man Sitting Bull was about to become involved in the ghost dance movement. When Sitting Bull was killed while being arrested on December 15, 1890, the Sioux in South Dakota became fearful. Overshadowing the events of late 1890 were decades of conflicts between whites and Indians in the West. But one event, the massacre at the Little Bighorn of Col. George Armstrong Custer and his troops in June 1876 resonated most deeply. The Sioux in 1890 suspected that commanders in the U.S. Army felt a need to avenge Custer. And that made the Sioux especially suspicious of actions taken by soldiers who came to confront them over the ghost dance movement. Against that backdrop of mistrust, the eventual massacre at Wounded Knee arose out of a series of misunderstandings. On the morning of the massacre, it was unclear who fired the first shot. But once the shooting began, the U.S. Army troops cut down unarmed Indians with no restraint. Even artillery shells were fired at Sioux women and children who were seeking safety and running from the soldiers. In the aftermath of the massacre, the Army commander on the scene, Col. James Forsyth, was relieved of his command. However, an Army inquiry cleared him within two months, and he was restored to his command. The massacre, and the forcible rounding up of Indians following it, crushed any resistance to white rule in the West. Any hope the Sioux or other tribes had of being able to restore their way of life was obliterated. And life on the detested reservations became the plight of the American Indian. The Wounded Knee massacre faded into history. However, a book published in 1971, Bury My Heart at Wounded Knee, became a surprise best seller and brought the name of the massacre back to public awareness. The book by Dee Brown, a narrative history of the West told from the Indian point of view, struck a chord in America at a time of national skepticism and is widely considered a classic. And Wounded Knee came back in the news in 1973, when American Indian activists, as an act of civil disobedience, took over the site in a standoff with federal agents. Roots of the Conflict The ultimate confrontation at Wounded Knee was rooted in the movement of the 1880s to force Indians in the West onto government reservations. Following the defeat of Custer, the U.S. military was fixated on defeating any Indian resistance to forced resettlement. Sitting Bull, one of the most respected Sioux leaders, led a band of followers across the international border into Canada. The British government of Queen Victoria allowed them to live there and did not persecute them in any way. Yet conditions were very difficult, and Sitting Bull and his people eventually returned to South Dakota. In the 1880s, Buffalo Bill Cody, whose exploits in the West had become famous through dime novels, recruited Sitting Bull to join his famous Wild West Show. The show traveled extensively, and Sitting Bull was a huge attraction. After a few years of enjoying fame in the white world, Sitting Bull returned to South Dakota and life on a reservation. He was regarded with considerable respect by the Sioux. The Ghost Dance The ghost dance movement began with a member of the Paiute tribe in Nevada. Wovoka, who claimed to have religious visions, began preaching after recovering from a serious illness in early 1889. He claimed that God had revealed to him that a new age was about to dawn on earth. According to Wovoka’s prophecies, game which had been hunted to extinction would return, and Indians would restore their culture, which had been essentially destroyed during the decades of conflict with white settlers and soldiers. Part of Wovoka’s teaching involved the practice of ritual dancing. Based on older round dances performed by Indians, the ghost dance had some special characteristics. It was generally performed over a series of days. And special attire, which became known as ghost dance shirts, would be worn. It was believed that those wearing the ghost dance would be protected against harm, including bullets fired by U.S. Army soldiers. As the ghost dance spread throughout western Indian reservations, officials in the federal government became alarmed. Some white Americans argued that the ghost dance was essentially harmless and was a legitimate exercise of religious freedom. Others in the government saw malicious intent behind the ghost dancing. The practice was seen as a way to energize Indians to resist white rule. And by late 1890 the authorities in Washington began giving orders for the U.S. Army to be ready to take action to suppress the ghost dance. Sitting Bull Targeted In 1890 Sitting Bull was living, along with a few hundred other Hunkpapa Sioux, at the Standing Rock reservation in South Dakota. He had spent time in a military prison, and had also toured with Buffalo Bill, but he seemed to have settled down as a farmer. Still, he always seemed in rebellion to the rules of the reservation and was perceived by some white administrators as a potential source of trouble. The U.S. Army began sending troops into South Dakota in November 1890, planning to suppress the ghost dance and the rebellious movement it seemed to represent. The man in charge of the Army in the area, General Nelson Miles, came up with a plan to get Sitting Bull to surrender peacefully, at which point he could be sent back to prison. Miles wanted Buffalo Bill Cody to approach Sitting Bull and essentially lure him into surrendering. Cody apparently traveled to South Dakota, but the plan fell apart and Cody left and returned to Chicago. Army officers decided to use Indians who were working as policemen on the reservation to arrest Sitting Bull. A detachment of 43 tribal police officers arrived at Sitting Bull’s log cabin on the morning of December 15, 1890. Sitting Bull agreed to go with the officers, but some of his followers, who were generally described as ghost dancers, tried to intervene. An Indian shot the commander of the police, who raised his own weapon to return fire and accidentally wounded Sitting Bull. In the confusion, Sitting Bull was then fatally shot by another officer. The outbreak of gunfire brought a charge by a detachment of soldiers who had been positioned nearby in case of trouble. Witnesses to the violent incident recalled a peculiar spectacle: a show horse which had been presented to Sitting Bull years earlier by Buffalo Bill heard the gunfire and must have thought it was back in the Wild West Show. The horse began performing intricate dance moves as the violent scene unfolded. The Massacre The killing of Sitting Bull was national news. The New York Times, on December 16, 1890, published a story at the top of the front page headlined â€Å"The Last of Sitting Bull.† The sub-headlines said he had been killed while resisting arrest. In South Dakota, the death of Sitting Bull stoked fear and distrust. Hundreds of his followers departed the Hunkpapa Sioux camps and began to scatter. One band, led by the chief Big Foot, began traveling to meet up with one of the old chiefs of the Sioux, Red Cloud. It was hoped Red Cloud should protect them from the soldiers. As the group, a few hundred men, women, and children, moved through the harsh winter conditions, Big Foot became quite ill. On December 28, 1890, Big Foot and his people were intercepted by cavalry troopers. An officer in the Seventh Cavalry, Major Samuel Whitside, met with Big Foot under a flag of truce. Whitside assured Big Foot his people would not be harmed. And he made arrangements for Big Foot to travel in an Army wagon, as he was suffering from pneumonia. The cavalry was going to escort the Indians with Big Foot to a reservation. That night the Indians set up camp, and the soldiers set up their bivouacs nearby. At some point in the evening another cavalry force, commanded by Col. James Forsyth, arrived on the scene. The new group of soldiers were accompanied by an artillery unit. On the morning of December 29, 1890, the U.S. Army troops told the Indians to gather in a group. They were ordered to surrender their weapons. The Indians stacked up their guns, but the soldiers suspected they were hiding more weapons. Soldiers began searching the Sioux tepees. Two rifles were found, one of which belonged to an Indian named Black Coyote, who was probably deaf. Black Coyote refused to give up his Winchester, and in a confrontation with him a shot was fired. The situation quickly accelerated as soldiers began shooting at the Indians. Some of the male Indians drew knives and faced the soldiers, believing that the ghost dance shirts they were wearing would protect them from bullets. They were shot down. As Indians, including many women and children, tried to flee, the soldiers continued firing. Several artillery pieces, which had been positioned on a nearby hill, began to rake the fleeing Indians. The shells and shrapnel killed and wounded scores of people. The entire massacre lasted for less than an hour. It was estimated that about 300 to 350 Indians were killed. Casualties among the cavalry amounted to 25 dead and 34 wounded. It was believed most of the killed and wounded among the U.S. Army troops had been caused by friendly fire. Wounded Indians were taken on wagons to the Pine Ridge reservation, where Dr. Charles Eastman, who had been born a Sioux and educated at schools in the East, sought to treat them. Within days, Eastman traveled with a group to the massacre site to search for survivors. They did find some Indians who were miraculously still alive. But they also discovered hundreds of frozen corpses, some as many as two miles away. Most of the bodies were gathered by soldiers and buried in a mass grave. Reaction to the Massacre In the East, the massacre at Wounded Knee was portrayed as a battle between â€Å"hostiles† and soldiers. Stories on the front page of the New York Times in the final days of 1890 gave the Army version of events. Though the number of people killed, and the fact that many were women and children, created interest in official circles. Accounts told by Indian witnesses were reported and appeared in newspapers. On February 12, 1890, an article in the New York Times was headlined â€Å"Indians Tell Their Story.† The sub-headline read, â€Å"A Pathetic Recital of the Killing of Women and Children.† The article gave witness accounts, and ended with a chilling anecdote. According to a minister at one of the churches at the Pine Ridge reservation, one of the Army scouts told him he had heard an officer say, after the massacre, â€Å"Now we have avenged Custer’s death.† The Army launched an investigation of what happened, and Col. Forsyth was relieved of his command. But he was quickly cleared. A story in the New York Times on February 13, 1891, was headlined â€Å"Col. Forsyth Exonerated.† The sub-headlines read â€Å"His Action at Wounded Knee Justified† and â€Å"The Colonel Restored to Command of His Gallant Regiment.† Legacy of Wounded Knee After the massacre at Wounded Knee, the Sioux came to accept that resistance to white rule was futile. The Indians came to live on the reservations. The massacre itself faded into history. However, in the early 1970s, the name of Wounded Knee came to take on resonance, largely due to Dee Brown’s book. A native American resistance movement put a new focus on the massacre as a symbol of broken promises and betrayals by white America.

Concept of Equality and Social Equity Assignment

Concept of Equality and Social Equity - Assignment Example These are important issues which are backed by the international government, NGOs and international agencies across the world. Â  Fleurbaey (2008) asserts that political philosophy and normative economics highlight egalitarian justice that defines social justice in terms of distributive compensation based on responsibility and talent. This is inherently linked to inequity across society but promotes social equity based on a hierarchy of roles within the work environment. This is an important perspective that is visible in the compensation package of the employees. The roles and responsibilities of the public administrators become pertinent issues which require stringent mechanisms of promoting social equity across gender, race, culture, and class. The concepts of equity and equitable distribution of resources based on social equity within and outside public administration, therefore, have emerged as key issues in the current environment of rapid globalization and multicultural societies across the globe. Â  Public policies are essential ingredients of administrative processes that address the issues of public concern and civil liberties. The key objective of the public policy is to enhance social equity that impacts the quality of life and promotes equality across people. In recent times, public administration in American political system has raised critical issue of public liberty. McKelvey (2011) says the civil liberty of people is compromised as the due processes for targeted killing are obscure with unclear law and protocols. Indeed, while the threat of terrorism is real, unsubstantiated accusations of target killing of Americans is not only unwarranted but is also indicative of power play of administration that endangers the freedom of citizens.

Lab report Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Lab report - Essay Example The method of tensile testing is conducted by a ‘tensile testor’ in which the test specimen is clamped and loaded and subjected to a tensile force until the point of failure. ‘Stress-strain curves are an extremely important graphical measure of a material’s mechanical properties’ (Roylance, 2001). Stress is defined as the force of resistance offered against the deformation and Strain is defined as the ratio of the change in length to the original length of the member (Ramamrutham, 2003). The stress-strain curve for the specimen is an important method of characterizing the behavior of the material and adjudging its suitability as a material for any function. Almost all the materials, obey Hooke’s law in the early portion of the curve i.e. at low strain which states that stress is proportional to strain with the constant of proportionality being the Young’s modulus, E: Stress = Strain ? Young’s Modulus. As the strain increases, the linear proportionality comes to an end at a point termed as the proportional limit and marks the beginning of the plastic phase rearrangement of the specimen. Plasticity requires molecular mobility and materials lacking this mobility are usually brittle rather than ductile. â€Å"Polymeric materials behave both as viscous fluids as well as elastic solids. They are viscoelastic materials† (Koustos, 2002). The stress-strain curve of a polymer is different from those of other materials. The critical point in the stress-strain curve is the yield point beyond which the material enters the plastic deformation state. Experimentation The experiment was conducted to obtain the stress-strain curve of polymer samples and study their behavior under the application of tensile force. For this test, polymer samples were loaded and clamped in the tensile testing machine. The tensile testing machine that was used was Instron 1026. The tensile testing machine pulls the sample from both ends an d measures the force required to pull the specimen apart and how much the sample stretches before breaking. The testing was done on four different specimens: PE (polyethylene – from a shopping bag), PP (polypropylene – from plastic folder), Rubber (natural rubber – from a rubber band) and Acetate (cellulose acetate – from an overhead transparency). The specimens were obtained by cutting the polymer samples into appropriate lengths. The thickness and width of the samples were measured before stretching each one of them and putting them in the tensile tester. The dimensions of the specimens are taken with the aid of calipers for precision. Results and Discussion The stress-strain curves for the various test specimens are as follows: Figure 1: Stress-Strain Curve of Rubber (Poly-Isoprene) Figure 2: Stress-Strain Curve of Acetate (Cellulose Acetate) Figure 3: Stress-Strain Curve of PE (Polyethylene) Figure 4: Stress-Strain Curve of PP (Polypropylene) S. no. T est name Tensile Strength (MPa) Elongation at failure 1 PE 11.1 26% 2 PP 23.5 738% 3 Rubber 4.1 575% 4 Acetate 1 181.9 131% 5 Acetate 2 297.3 114% 6 Acetate 3 166.9 93% It can be observed from the graphs that the stress-strain curve of acetate was obtained thrice. The possible explanation for this can be that cellulose acetate exhibits different tensile strengths at different states – dry, wet & after being boiled (Stadlinger). The difference in